Pine needles

The essential oil is obtained by steam distillation of fresh or dried needles of Scots pine, a widespread conifer of the European flora. This natural product is characterized by a fresh, balsamic fragrance with resinous notes, caused by a high content of monoterpenes such as α-pinene (up to 34.7%), β-pinene, limonene and others. It is available in organic quality from organic farming, for example from Austria, and is free of synthetic additives. It is a clear to light yellow liquid, insoluble in water, but well miscible with alcohols and oils, with a boiling point of the main components around 155–170 °C.

In cosmetics, it acts as a powerful antiseptic and antibacterial agent that disinfects the skin and fights bacteria and fungi. It soothes irritation, reduces inflammation, and supports the healing of wounds, eczema, or psoriasis. It improves blood circulation, cleans pores, regulates excessive sebum production, and tightens them, thereby helping prevent acne. It has antioxidant properties, protects against UV damage, and supports collagen production thanks to its vitamin C content. In aromatherapy, it tones, relieves fatigue, and reduces stress. The recommended concentration in cosmetics is 0.5–2% in emulsions, 3–5% in massage oils, never undiluted on the skin.

Ideal for oily, even-toned, acne-prone skin with a tendency to rashes, eczema, or psoriasis. It is recommended for sensitive, problematic skin that suffers from inflammation, excess oiliness, or itching. Suitable for mature skin for antioxidant protection and improved circulation, as well as for dehydrated scalp against dandruff. Avoid during pregnancy, in children, and on damaged skin; suitable for allergy sufferers in low doses. Combine with eucalyptus or rosemary for a synergistic effect.

A study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2018) showed that essential oil from Pinus sylvestris at a concentration of 1% inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by 92% and Candida albicans by 85% after 24 hours, confirming strong antimicrobial effects (Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2018, Volume 224, Pages 477-483). Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) showed that applying a 2% solution of α-pinene-rich oil improved skin hydration by 25% and reduced transepidermal water loss by 18% in oily skin after 4 weeks (International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2015, Volume 37, Issue 4).