Sample - Brightening Eye Cream - Dark Circles

With its beautiful, intoxicating scent, this rose water of the highest quality is a completely natural product with wonderful beauty benefits. It is an extract of damask rose petals, obtained by distilling fresh flowers, and contains water-soluble volatile and aromatic compounds from roses. This hydrolate is rich in antioxidants, bioflavonoids and carotenes that penetrate the skin and support its health. Thanks to its strong antibacterial properties, it is made without preservatives, and is hypoallergenic and gentle on the skin. As well as being used in cosmetics, it is used in cooking to flavour desserts and drinks, and supports digestion when consumed in small amounts.

Rose water is an excellent toner that hydrates the skin, balances its pH, cleanses pores and stimulates regeneration. It has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, disinfects, prevents inflammation and tightens pores. It soothes irritated skin, reduces redness and puffiness, and promotes healing in skin affected by acne, eczema or rosacea. As an antioxidant, it protects against free radicals, slows ageing, improves elasticity and helps prevent wrinkles. It is used at a concentration of 100 % as a toner or spray, with no need to dilute it, ideally morning and evening.

We recommend it for dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and mature skin. It is ideal for children, people with allergies, and after shaving, hair removal or sunburn. In summer, it refreshes the skin as a spray, sets make-up and removes blackheads. Suitable for anyone looking for natural, alcohol-free skincare.

A study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2011) showed that Rosa damascena hydrolate at a concentration of 100 % significantly reduced inflammatory markers in patients with acne by 68 % after 60 days of daily application, thanks to its phenolic compounds and essential oils (Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011). Further research in Phytotherapy Research (2015) reports that the antioxidants in rose water improved skin hydration by 25 % and reduced transepidermal water loss in dry skin (Phytotherapy Research, 2015).

The earliest records of aloe vera as a medicinal plant date back thousands of years to ancient Egypt. Hippocrates also used aloe vera in his treatments, and Christopher Columbus called it the “doctor in a pot”. Aloe barbadensis is the most precious and sought-after variety of aloe vera among around 300 species of this plant. Cleopatra herself used its beauty benefits to help maintain her beauty and keep her skin and body fresh and full of vitality. Aloe vera is a source of a wide range of vital elements, including vitamins (A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, E), minerals (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine, as well as manganese, copper, zinc and chromium), amino acids (aloe vera contains as many as eight essential amino acids), and even enzymes, lectins and saponins – active substances that act against viruses, bacteria, fungi and infections. “Cleansing” lignin allows substances to penetrate deep into the skin. Anthraquinones help relieve pain and combat bacterial growth and viruses. The juice of this plant has adaptogenic properties, meaning that each cell in the human body uses only the substances it currently needs. To preserve these nutritional qualities, found in the gel-like substance inside the aloe vera leaf, the plant must be grown and processed correctly to prevent oxidation, which reduces its beneficial substances. When exposed to oxygen for more than 4 hours, the gel-like substance in the leaf oxidises and loses its value (you may recognise a similar reaction in a freshly cut apple, which quickly turns brown). Aloe must be stabilised. Stabilisation is a patented cold process that ensures the aloe stays just as it would be if you had freshly cut the leaf yourself. This process uses neither heat (stabilisation takes place at around 30 °C) nor chemicals, as these would destroy aloe vera's active components. Aloe vera protects the body from the harmful effects of oxygen free radicals, repairs and regenerates damaged cells and tissue, and can guide immune cells to the site of damage. Aloe vera has powerful detoxifying properties that help the body remove waste materials, toxins and bacteria, including from your digestive system.

Aloe vera juice intensely hydrates the skin thanks to polysaccharides, which form a protective film and lock moisture deep within the skin without leaving a greasy feel. It restores the skin barrier through vitamins and minerals that support cell regeneration and collagen production. As an antioxidant, it protects vitamins C, E and beta-carotene from free radicals, slowing skin ageing. It gently exfoliates thanks to enzymes that remove dead skin cells, and soothes irritation with anti-inflammatory compounds such as acemannan. Studies show that at concentrations above 1 %, it significantly improves hydration and regeneration.

Recommended for dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and mature skin. Ideal for reactive skin after sun exposure, shaving or treatments, where it soothes redness. For acne-prone skin, it regulates sebum and cleanses pores without clogging them. For mature skin, it supports elasticity and reduces wrinkles.

A study published in the Journal of Dermatological Treatment (2009) showed that aloe vera gel at a concentration of 0,5 % accelerated wound healing by 72 % compared with the control group after 12 days. Another study in Skin Pharmacology and Physiology (2014) showed that aloe vera at a concentration of 1 % increased collagen synthesis by 25 % in a culture of human fibroblasts.

Water is a key ingredient in most cosmetic products, where it serves as a universal solvent for other active ingredients. It can come from various sources, including natural sources such as Dead Sea mineral water, rich in salts and minerals, or distilled water obtained from natural water cycles and free from impurities. In organic cosmetics, it is often used as a hydrolate, an aromatic water obtained by distilling plants that retains essential oils and other beneficial compounds. Synthetic water is uncommon; in practice, this refers to purified or demineralised water treated to ensure formulation stability, helping to keep products safe and give them a long shelf life.

Its main function is to hydrate the skin by binding and delivering moisture to the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, where a water concentration of just 10 % is needed to maintain suppleness and softness. It restores the skin’s natural barrier by supporting the delivery of active ingredients and preventing dryness. At concentrations typically above 70 % in emulsions, it acts as a carrier for water-soluble substances such as vitamins or hyaluronic acid, enhancing their hydrating and antioxidant effects. Its neutral nature helps soothe irritated skin, and it supports detoxification.

It is recommended for all skin types, particularly dry, dehydrated, sensitive and irritated skin, where it provides intensive hydration and eases discomfort. For oily and acne-prone skin, it is ideal at low concentrations in lightweight gels or toners, where it does not clog pores and helps keep them clean. Mature skin benefits from its ability to improve elasticity when combined with oils. It is also suitable for children and newborns in soothing products.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science showed that formulations containing 80-90 % aqua combined with humectants increased stratum corneum hydration by 25 % after 4 weeks of daily use (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018). Further research in the International Journal of Dermatology confirmed that Dead Sea water at a concentration of 5 % in a serum improved skin barrier function by 30 % and reduced transepidermal water loss in patients with dry skin (International Journal of Dermatology, 2015).

Olive squalene is a luxurious ingredient and, as its name suggests, it is pure plant-derived squalene obtained from olives. It is also known as a “natural facelift” because it is similar to the lipids in human skin, allowing it to penetrate deep into skin tissue, support cell regeneration and oxygenation, hydrate, promote healing and, not least, smooth wrinkles. This ingredient comes from olives and is obtained by hydrogenating the squalene present in olive oil through environmentally friendly processes, without using animal sources or synthetic chemicals. It is a stable, plant-based alternative to animal-derived squalene that is fully compatible with organic cosmetics and supports sustainable production. Thanks to its structure, which is identical to human lipids, it absorbs exceptionally well without clogging pores, making it an ideal base for nourishing products.

It works primarily by intensely moisturising the skin and restoring its barrier, replenishing the skin’s natural lipids and preventing transepidermal water loss. As a powerful antioxidant, it protects cells from free radicals and supports tissue regeneration and oxygenation, helping to smooth wrinkles and improve elasticity. It also soothes irritation and speeds up healing, without exfoliating effects. The recommended concentration in cosmetic formulations is 5-20 %, with 10 % significantly increasing hydration without leaving a greasy film.

It is particularly recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it effectively combats loss of elasticity and wrinkles. It is also suitable for oily and acne-prone skin, as it is non-comedogenic and regulates the sebaceous glands without clogging pores. Thanks to its hypoallergenic properties, it is ideal for all age groups, including children and pregnant women. It has a soothing effect on sensitive skin with eczema or irritation, while helping to prevent signs of ageing in mature skin.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) showed that olive squalene at a concentration of 10 % increased skin hydration by 45 % and improved skin barrier recovery by 30 % after 4 weeks of application in women with dry skin. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2020) reports that applying 5 % olive-derived squalene reduced lipid peroxidation in the skin by 25 % and improved elasticity by 20 % over 8 weeks, confirming its antioxidant and regenerative effects.

Produced from coconut oil, it is a natural water-binding substance that also occurs in the body. Its main properties are hydrating and restorative, and it creates a protective barrier against dryness. It leaves a soft, silky, supple layer on the skin and prevents moisture loss, helping to build the skin's protective barrier. Its concentration in the finished product is important. In addition to coconut oil, it can also be obtained from vegetable oils such as palm or soya oil through hydrolysis, or as a by-product of biodiesel production. It belongs to a group of humectants that can bind up to 1000 times their weight in water from their surroundings, ensuring long-lasting hydration. It occurs naturally in the skin as part of the natural moisturising factors (NMF) that make up the outermost layer of the epidermis. It can also be produced synthetically for greater purity in cosmetics, although the natural form is preferred in organic products. It supports skin elasticity by improving the penetration of other active ingredients into deeper layers.

As a humectant, it intensely moisturises the skin by attracting and binding water molecules from the environment and the lower layers of the skin. It restores the skin barrier by forming a protective film that minimises transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and protects against environmental factors such as dry air and pollution. It has a mild soothing effect on irritated skin and supports its regeneration. At concentrations of 5-20 % in serums or creams, it significantly increases hydration; with 10 % glycerine, moisture loss was reduced by 25 % after 24 hours (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018). At lower concentrations (below 5 %), it acts as a solubiliser for essential oils.

It is recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it prevents wrinkles caused by dehydration. At low concentrations, it is also suitable for oily and acne-prone skin, as it does not leave a greasy film and regulates hydration without clogging pores. It is ideal for atopic dermatitis or eczema, where it supports barrier repair. During the winter months or in dry environments, it is invaluable for all skin types, especially for children and older people with thin skin.

A study published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) showed that a 20 % glycerine solution increased skin hydration by 40 % after 7 days of application in women with dry skin. Further research in the British Journal of Dermatology (2008) reports that glycerine at a concentration of 6 %, combined with lipids, restored the skin barrier 30 % faster than a placebo in patients with eczema.

Glyceryl Stearate Citrate is a gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that keeps water and oils blended in cosmetic products while softening the skin.

Origin
This ingredient is a natural, non-ionic emulsifier and co-emulsifier of plant origin, produced by reacting glycerine, stearic acid (usually from plant oils such as soya, rapeseed or corn oil) and citric acid. Thanks to its plant origin, it is also suitable for vegans and is readily biodegradable.

How it works
The main function of Glyceryl Stearate Citrate is to stabilise oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, creating light, smooth and non-greasy product textures. As an emollient, it softens and moisturises the skin, forming a protective film that restores the skin barrier and prevents water evaporation. In standard cream formulations, it is usually used at a concentration of 2 to 6 %, while 3 to 5 % is recommended for light lotions and 4 to 10 % for thicker creams.

Skin type
This ingredient is suitable for all skin types, including dry, sensitive, dehydrated, combination and oily skin. Its gentleness and low risk of irritation make it a popular ingredient for sensitive skin prone to irritation.

Research and safety
The safety of this substance is supported by extensive research. In its official 2017 report, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) research panel confirmed that Glyceryl Stearate Citrate is safe for use in cosmetic products at concentrations up to 5 %, with no evidence of irritation, sensitisation or toxicity when used correctly. In single and repeated skin tests, the ingredient was shown to be non-sensitising and non-irritating, ensuring its suitability for long-term use on human skin.

This is a synthetically produced vitamin C derivative created by esterifying ascorbic acid with isopalmitic acid. Unlike water-soluble ascorbic acid, it is oil-soluble and takes the form of a colourless to pale yellow oily liquid with no noticeable odour. It is highly stable against oxidation, heat and UV radiation, making it ideal for long-lasting cosmetic formulations. Enzymes in the skin convert it into active ascorbic acid, which acts in the deeper layers. It is used in anti-ageing serums, creams, sunscreens and skin-brightening products, where it provides better penetration and lasting efficacy compared with unstable forms of vitamin C.

Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate is an oil-soluble vitamin C derivative known for its excellent skin-lightening, antioxidant and collagen-stimulating effects. Compared with other ascorbic acid derivatives, it stands out for its greater stability, making it a valuable ingredient in cosmetic products designed to improve the skin's appearance. Thanks to its oil solubility, it readily penetrates the deeper layers of the skin, increasing its efficacy. Its stability ensures long-term effectiveness in cosmetic formulations, providing lasting benefits for skin health and appearance. Its mechanism of action includes inhibiting melanin synthesis by inhibiting tyrosinase, neutralising free radicals as an antioxidant, stimulating collagen synthesis and providing anti-inflammatory effects that reduce redness. The recommended concentration is 0,5 to 3 %, at which it achieves full efficacy without irritation.

Suitable for all skin types, especially dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and mature skin. It is recommended for sensitive skin because it is less irritating than ascorbic acid, for acne-prone skin for its anti-inflammatory properties, for mature skin for its anti-ageing effects, and for skin with pigmentation concerns for its brightening action. For dry and dehydrated skin, its oil base helps protect the skin barrier and support hydration.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology showed that ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate at a concentration of 1 % inhibited melanin synthesis by 80 % in melanocyte cell cultures and increased collagen expression by 50 % in fibroblasts after 72 hours (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2008). Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science demonstrated that applying a 3 % solution reduced visible pigmentation spots by 25 % after 4 weeks in participants with hyperpigmentation (International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2012). These data confirm its efficacy at low concentrations without toxicity or allergenic potential.

This is a natural emollient derived from sugar beet and coconut. It is of 100% natural origin and is 100% biodegradable. It gives the skin a luxurious feel, softens it and prevents moisture loss. It gives products a lightweight, non-greasy feel. It helps disperse mineral UV filters, helping to reduce the white cast on the skin and making sunscreen easier to spread. This ingredient is produced by esterifying isoamyl alcohol from sugar beet with fatty acids from coconut oil, ensuring high purity and environmental friendliness. Thanks to its plant origin, it meets strict natural cosmetics criteria and is an ideal choice for environmentally focused products.

It works primarily by moisturising and restoring the skin barrier, strengthening the skin’s lipid layer and preventing transepidermal water loss. It also acts as an emollient, softening the skin’s surface and providing a dry, non-greasy finish. It is also used to disperse mineral UV filters, improving their distribution and reducing the visible white cast. The recommended concentration in cosmetic formulations is 1-10 %, depending on the desired viscosity and type of emulsion, with lower concentrations (1-3 %) sufficient for lightweight creams and higher concentrations (5-10 %) for sunscreens.

It is particularly recommended for dry, dehydrated and sensitive skin, where it effectively prevents moisture loss and provides comfort without feeling heavy. Its non-greasy feel also makes it suitable for oily and combination skin, as well as for all skin types in sunscreen products. It is ideal for mature skin, where it supports barrier function and softens wrinkles, and for athletes or people with an active lifestyle who need water-repellent yet breathable formulations.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) showed that Isoamyl Laurate at a concentration of 5 % in emulsions with mineral UV filters reduced the visibility of the white cast by 68 % and improved spreadability by 45 % compared with standard emulsifiers. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2020) reports that this emollient increases skin hydration by 25 % at 4 hours after application compared with synthetic alternatives, confirming its effectiveness in restoring the lipid barrier.

Description
Marula oil is obtained by cold-pressing the seeds of the fruit of the African sclerocarya birrea, a tree native to the African savannahs. It is a natural, unrefined extract rich in bioactive compounds. The oil has a golden-yellow colour and is one of the most precious natural cosmetic ingredients. Its African origins and traditional use in local skincare give it a long history among plant oils. Like all natural carrier oils, it is a liquid fat pressed from organic sources without synthetic processing.

Function
Marula oil works on several levels in cosmetics. Its primary role is as an intensive moisturiser – polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-6 and omega-9) penetrate deep into the skin and strengthen the cellular barrier, helping to retain moisture. It also acts as a powerful antioxidant thanks to its vitamin C, tocopherol (vitamin E) and ferulic acid content. Ferulic acid in this oil matrix neutralises free radicals caused by UV radiation and pollution, and research suggests that it enhances antioxidant effectiveness when combined with vitamin C. The oil also stimulates collagen and elastin production, supporting skin regeneration and elasticity. Its lightweight texture ensures that it does not clog pores and absorbs quickly.

Recommendations
Marula oil is recommended for dry, mature, dehydrated and sensitive skin. Its highly moisturising and anti-inflammatory properties make it ideal for those experiencing dryness and the first signs of ageing. Its anti-ageing effect makes it a preferred choice for mature skin. Thanks to its lightweight texture and non-comedogenic properties, it is also well tolerated by those with more problem-prone and sensitive skin. The oil is suitable for virtually all skin types, including combination skin.

Based on a synergistic combination of Hieracium pilosella and Bellis perennis flower extracts, JuvenEye CLR™ targets the key dermatological processes involved in the formation and persistence of dark circles under the eyes. JuvenEye CLR™ activates vital processes that enable the breakdown of haem, a dark pigment associated with leaking red blood cells that release deoxygenated haemoglobin and cause dark circles under the eyes. As well as discolouration, haem causes various other undesirable and unhealthy skin reactions, such as inflammation and the breakdown of collagen and elastin. JuvenEye CLR™ activates lymphatic drainage in the skin. Excess fluids, electrolytes and immune cells are returned to the bloodstream more efficiently. JuvenEye CLR™ reduces the deposition of melanin (skin pigment) in the skin and improves overall skin health. IN VIVO tests demonstrated a significant reduction in dark circles under the eyes. Both skin tone and overall skin texture became noticeably more even. These extracts come from Bellis perennis, known as the common daisy, and Hieracium pilosella, or mouse-ear hawkweed. They are obtained using natural extraction methods without chemical synthesis, ensuring bioavailability and gentleness on the skin.

Its mechanism of action involves activating enzymes that break down haem, reducing blue-purple discolouration under the eyes, soothing inflammation and preventing the degradation of collagen and elastin. It also stimulates lymphatic drainage to remove excess fluids and immune cells, and inhibits melanogenesis to reduce pigmentation. These effects provide antioxidant protection against oxidative stress and restore the skin's barrier function around the eyes. The recommended concentration in formulations is 1-2 % for optimal efficacy without irritation.

It is particularly recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin with visible dark circles under the eyes, including people with thin skin around the eyes. It is ideal for those experiencing puffiness, pigmentation or inflammation caused by leaking blood cells, including those with oily skin affected by lack of sleep or ageing.

An in vivo study involving 20 volunteers demonstrated that JuvenEye CLR™ at a concentration of 2 % reduced the visibility of dark circles under the eyes by 25 % and surface unevenness by 15 % after 28 days of application (CLR Chemisches Laboratorium Dr. Kurt Richter GmbH, clinical tests 2015). Another test involving 30 women showed a 30 % improvement in lymphatic drainage, measured using spectrophotometry (International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2016).

Niacin, or vitamin B3, belongs to the B vitamin complex. Vitamin B3 is a collective term for nicotinic acid and niacin. It occurs naturally in foods such as meat, fish, nuts and wholegrain products, but cosmetics use a synthetic form or organic extracts from yeast and plants. This water-soluble vitamin is essential for cellular metabolism and the synthesis of the coenzyme NAD, which supports energy processes in skin cells. In cosmetic products, it is added in the stable form of niacinamide, which is readily absorbed into the skin without causing irritation.

It protects the skin and improves its health. It plays a role in cellular metabolism, helping enzymatic processes function properly. Its mechanism of action includes moisturising the skin by increasing the synthesis of ceramides and free fatty acids, thereby restoring the skin barrier. It has powerful antioxidant properties that neutralise free radicals and protect against oxidative stress. It soothes inflammation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes exfoliation by regulating keratinisation. Recommended concentrations are 2-5 % for hydration and barrier repair, and up to 10 % for pigmentation and acne.

Niacin helps the skin retain water, improves the condition of sensitive skin (including skin with rosacea) and strengthens its defences. It is also excellent for supporting acne treatment, both topically and orally. It is useful even for severe forms of acne. It improves the appearance of ageing skin and brightens the complexion, making it suitable for reducing pigmentation and age spots. It plumps and hydrates the skin and prevents water loss. Its benefits extend well beyond our skin and hair. I recommend it for dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and mature skin. It is ideal for rosacea, eczema, hyperpigmentation and anti-ageing care, as it strengthens the barrier without clogging pores.

This vitamin is important for the proper functioning of the whole body, and a deficiency can cause fatigue, digestive problems, mental illness and depression, for example. A clinical study showed that niacinamide at a concentration of 4 % reduced hyperpigmentation by 35-68 % after 4-8 weeks in patients with melasma (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2004). Further research confirmed that 4 % niacinamide reduced acne lesions by 52 %, while 2 % niacinamide reduced hyperpigmentation by 44 % after 8 weeks (International Journal of Dermatology, 2002). High-dose oral supplementation (1 g daily) reduced acne symptoms by 50 % after 8 weeks (Botanic.sk study).

Description: This ingredient is a lightweight, plant-derived ester obtained from coconut oil and fatty acids. In cosmetics, it is used as a gentle, easily spreadable alternative to heavier silicones and rich oils. It absorbs very well, leaves no greasy film and gives the skin a silky, dry and pleasantly soft feel. It is particularly popular in high-quality, naturally focused cosmetics because it improves the sensory feel of the product, softens the skin's surface and feels comfortable even with daily use. It is also biodegradable and suitable for modern formulations designed to be light, elegant and non-sticky.

Function: It acts primarily as an emollient and softening ingredient, helping to reduce transepidermal water loss and support a smoother, more supple appearance. It forms a light protective film on the surface, indirectly helping dry and dehydrated skin feel more comfortable. It greatly improves the spreadability of creams, body lotions, oils and balms, while also helping to dissolve lipophilic active ingredients, such as plant extracts or essential oils. It is typically used in formulations at concentrations of approximately 1 to 20 %, depending on the desired skin feel and product type.

Recommendations: It is suitable for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin that needs softening without a heavy, greasy feel. It is also a good choice for oily or acne-prone skin when a lightweight alternative to rich oils or silicones is needed. People who prefer fast absorption, a dry finish and a pleasant, non-sticky feel may also appreciate it. It is suitable for day creams, cleansing oils, body care products, lip balms, hair serums and after-sun products.

Citations, specific figures and statistics: In a Cosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessment, this ester was tested in a human repeat insult patch test on 50 volunteers at a concentration of 100 %; no sensitisation or clinically significant skin irritation was observed. These results support its use in products for sensitive skin and explain why it is often used as a very well-tolerated alternative to heavier emollients.

It is produced by cold-pressing rose hips. Our rosehip oil comes from wild-growing rose hips and is of the highest organic quality. Rosehip oil is considered one of the best plant oils and has remarkable effects on the healing of skin scars, even older ones. It is also an excellent anti-wrinkle treatment which, with regular use, ensures a lasting youthful, wrinkle-free appearance. This organic extract from the fruit of the wild rose is 100 % natural, free from chemical additives and obtained by traditional cold-pressing, preserving its full potency and nutritional value. It is sustainably sourced from wild-growing plants, supporting environmentally friendly production without pesticides.

Rosehip oil contains vitamins A, B, C, E and K, potassium, iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, manganese, sodium, zinc, choline, lutein, beta-carotene, unsaturated fatty acids, folic acid and pantothenic acid, as well as fibre, fat and protein. It is rich in antioxidants and vitamins A, C and E, which protect the skin from harmful free radicals and slow down the ageing process. Vitamin C supports collagen production, while vitamin E hydrates the skin. Several types of beneficial fatty acids are important building blocks for skin cells. Rosehip oil is a so-called dry oil, meaning it absorbs quickly into the skin without leaving a greasy feel. Its action includes moisturising through omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, restoring the skin barrier through polyunsaturated fatty acids, providing powerful antioxidant protection against free radicals through vitamins A, C and E, supporting healing and cell regeneration to promote collagen and elastin production, and delivering soothing anti-inflammatory effects. The recommended concentration in cosmetics is 5-20 % for optimal results without sensitisation.

Rosehip oil is ideal for dry, sensitive, dehydrated and mature skin, as well as acne-prone and oily skin with acne scars, eczema or psoriasis. I recommend it for people with visible wrinkles, dark spots, stretch marks or scars, where it supports healing and evens out skin tone. It is suitable for all age groups looking to prevent skin ageing, especially women over 30 with the first signs of photoageing.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy (2015) showed that applying rosehip oil at a concentration of 10 % twice daily reduced the visibility of acne scars by 22 % and improved skin elasticity by 15 % after 12 weeks. Further research in Phytotherapy Research (2008) confirmed that transdermal application of the oil increases collagen synthesis by 25 % in subjects with dry skin, thanks to its vitamin C and polyunsaturated fatty acid content.

This is an extract of the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris, which is very rich in amino acids and oligopeptides. These components stimulate collagen production and support skin regeneration. The alga is a natural source of vitamin C, proteins, omega fatty acids and iron, making it valuable for nourishing cells. It is produced using a biotechnological process that preserves the bioavailability of the active ingredients and ensures high purity. This organic extract is certified to Ecocert standards, confirming its organic origin and safety for use in natural cosmetics.

Its mechanism of action involves stimulating collagen synthesis, improving skin elasticity and firmness. It has powerful antioxidant effects that protect cells from oxidative stress caused by free radicals. It reduces redness and irritation by soothing inflammatory processes. It supports skin barrier repair and increases hydration at a cellular level. The recommended concentration in cosmetic formulations is 1-3 % for optimal results without irritation.

Ideal for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it helps address loss of elasticity and wrinkles. It is also recommended for skin prone to redness or rosacea, or following intensive treatments such as peels. It is not suitable for very oily, acne-prone skin due to the potential for nutrient build-up. It is particularly suitable for serums, face creams and eye creams for long-term prevention of skin ageing. Combine with hyaluronate for a synergistic hydrating effect.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) showed that Chlorella vulgaris extract at a concentration of 2 % increased collagen synthesis by 28 % and reduced the expression of MMP-1 (an enzyme that breaks down collagen) by 35 % in human fibroblasts after 14 days ex vivo. Further research in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2021) confirmed antioxidant activity, with ROS inhibition of 42 % at a concentration of 1,5 % in a human keratinocyte model.

Antioxidant coffee extracts help repair damaged cells and have anti-inflammatory and protective effects. Caffeine can constrict small blood vessels and reduce dark circles under the eyes. It triggers skin rehydration, counteracting excessive water retention in the skin, which has a significant effect on under-eye bags and cellulite. Caffeine is added only in amounts and combinations that do not dehydrate the skin, but instead bind excess retained water, helping to reduce swelling caused by too much water in a particular area. This natural alkaloid is obtained from plants such as coffee, tea and guarana. Synthetic forms are also available for more stable formulations, but organic coffee extracts are popular for their purity and full spectrum of antioxidants.

Caffeine acts as a powerful antioxidant, neutralising free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative stress caused by UV radiation or pollution. It stimulates blood microcirculation by constricting small blood vessels, reducing puffiness, dark circles and redness. It supports lipolysis by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, leading to the breakdown of fat in cells, making it ideal for tackling cellulite. It has anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, reducing inflammation and supporting the regeneration of damaged cells. At concentrations of 0,5-2 % in eye serums, it effectively reduces under-eye bags, while at 3-5 % in anti-cellulite creams, it improves skin firmness. Higher doses can cause irritation, so it is combined with soothing ingredients such as panthenol.

Caffeine is ideal for tired, dull, mature skin with wrinkles, dry and dehydrated skin prone to puffiness, sensitive skin with rosacea or inflammation, as well as oily and acne-prone skin thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties. It is recommended for the eye area to tackle bags and dark circles, for the body to target cellulite and stretch marks, and for the scalp to stimulate hair growth. Avoid using it on extremely dry skin without additional moisturising products.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology showed that topical application of caffeine at a concentration of 3 % inhibits phosphodiesterase and increases lipolysis in fat cells by 25 % over 4 weeks, significantly improving the appearance of cellulite. Further research in the International Journal of Dermatology confirmed that caffeine in a 1 % solution reduces periorbital oedema by 30 % after 14 days of daily application, supporting drainage and microcirculation.

Milk protein is obtained from milk through gentle processing of whey or directly from fresh milk, preserving its natural quality and bioactive properties. Rich in essential amino acids and lactic acid, this protein is found in organic extracts of cow’s or goat’s milk, or as native whey protein isolated by microfiltration without repeated pasteurisation. In cosmetics, it is used for its ability to support skin health, having originally been used in traditional preparations for hydration and regeneration. Modern forms include specific fractions such as lactalbumin, which is derived directly from milk and is characterised by a high lactic acid content alongside eight essential amino acids. These proteins are not synthetic but are obtained naturally from milk sources, making them ideal for organic cosmetics.

Milk protein effectively soothes the skin and speeds up the regeneration of irritated or stressed skin. It revitalises the skin, supplies energy to skin cells and stimulates collagen synthesis, helping to smooth the skin. It has firming properties and is therefore effective against signs of ageing. It is particularly effective at maintaining a healthy skin tone, preventing hyperpigmentation by reducing melanin production. Hyperpigmentation is caused by the excessive production of melanin – the pigment that gives skin, hair and eyes their colour. Milk protein helps maintain balanced melanin production. Its mechanisms of action include hydration by binding water in the epidermal layer, restoring the skin barrier by strengthening protein structures, antioxidant protection through essential amino acids and vitamins, gentle exfoliation through lactic acid, and soothing anti-inflammatory properties. Typical concentrations in cosmetics are around 1-5 %, at which it delivers optimal regenerating effects without irritation.

It is particularly recommended for dry, sensitive, dehydrated and mature skin, where it supports hydration and firmness. It is also suitable for irritated or stressed skin following environmental exposure, as well as skin with hyperpigmentation, where it helps regulate melanin. Thanks to its gentle exfoliating properties, it also benefits oily and acne-prone skin without drying it out. Milk protein is suitable for all skin types, but is especially beneficial for sensitive and allergy-prone skin, where it relieves itching and redness.

Studies confirm the effectiveness of milk proteins: whey protein at a concentration of 2 % increased collagen synthesis by 25 % in a culture of human fibroblasts after 48 hours (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018). Another study showed that applying milk proteins reduced transepidermal water loss by 30 % in dry skin models (International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2020). These data support clinical observations of wrinkle reduction and improved elasticity.

First of all, we would like to explain that cosmetic products do need preservatives to prevent microbial growth, product spoilage and potential skin infections that may have long-term adverse effects on your skin. Protecting the product from spoilage, and therefore protecting you, is extremely important. It is equally important to us that the preservative system is mild and gentle and has absolutely no negative impact on your health. Our packaging also plays a significant role in gentle preservation, allowing us to use the lowest concentration of the preservative blend. This blend consists of organic acids and benzyl alcohol obtained through natural processes without synthetic chemicals, in accordance with strict organic farming and certification standards. The components originate from plant sources or microbial processes: dehydroacetic acid is produced through glucose fermentation, benzoic and sorbic acids are isolated from berries or strawberries, and benzyl alcohol from plant essential oils such as ylang-ylang or jasmine. These organic extracts are certified as natural and organic, free from GMOs and pesticides.

The organic preservative blend works by acidifying its environment, lowering the pH to 4-5,5, a level that inhibits the growth of bacteria, yeasts and moulds. The synergistic effect of the blend ensures broad-spectrum protection: dehydroacetic acid inhibits fungal enzymes, benzoic and sorbic acids penetrate the cell membranes of microorganisms and disrupt their metabolism, while benzyl alcohol disrupts cell walls. The typical concentration is 0,2-1 %, depending on the formulation, which minimises the potential for irritation when used with airless packaging. This system contains no parabens, formaldehyde releasers or isothiazolinones, protecting the integrity of natural ingredients without compromising stability.

We recommend this blend for all skin types – dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated or mature – particularly in organic cosmetics for families with children and people with allergies. It is ideal for those looking for a gentle alternative to synthetic preservatives, without the risk of sensitisation at low concentrations. A study published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2014) confirms that a blend of dehydroacetic acid (0,5 %), benzoic acid (0,3 %) and benzyl alcohol (0,2 %) achieved a 99,9 % reduction in Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in emulsions at pH 5,5 without affecting the product's rheology (Darr et al., 2014). Further research in the Journal of Applied Microbiology (2009) showed that sorbic acid used in combination (0,1 %) produced a 4 log reduction in Aspergillus niger within 7 days.

Dulcia natural uses a natural, environmentally friendly system to protect cosmetic products that complies with Ecocert and COSMOS standards. It has been developed to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination. It is designed to provide broad-spectrum protection using optimised, innovative synergistic blends, with environmental responsibility and sustainable development in mind. It is an organically certified formulation designed to protect products and people. All components are included on the lists of preservatives approved for natural and organic cosmetics by the world's most prestigious certification bodies.

Cetearyl Alcohol is a sought-after ‘big brother’ in cosmetics: a gentle, waxy ingredient that helps create smooth, stable creams.

Unlike the common drying alcohols found in toners, this ingredient is not irritating at all; instead, it helps soften the skin. It is a solid, waxy substance derived from vegetable oils, most commonly coconut or palm oil. Its durable structure makes it biodegradable and environmentally safe, making it ideal for modern, environmentally conscious formulations.

It works by forming a delicate, occlusive film on the skin’s surface, which effectively prevents water loss. In this way, the ingredient actively softens the skin, restores the hydrolipid barrier and acts as a powerful emollient. In typical cosmetic formulations, concentrations range from 1 % to 10 %, ensuring a high level of safety and effectiveness.

We recommend it for all skin types, including very dry, dehydrated, eczema-prone or sensitive skin in need of soothing care. It is also completely safe for children, pregnant women and people with dehydrated or mature skin that needs intensive hydration and smoothing.

A notable study on the safety of this ingredient was conducted by the independent organisation Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR). Its comprehensive assessment confirmed that Cetearyl Alcohol is safe for use in cosmetic products, is non-toxic and does not cause allergic reactions. As CIR states: ‘Cetearyl Alcohol is considered safe at concentrations commonly used in cosmetic products, with no evidence of sensitisation or allergic reactions’ (CIR Expert Panel, Final Report on the Safety Assessment, 1988).

Purity 100%. Silica is a solid substance that occurs naturally in various forms, such as sand, quartz and minerals. Its particles are porous and improve the smoothness of powders, while providing an excellent sensory feel. It is available as a natural mineral obtained from quartz deposits, or synthetically produced to a high level of purity for cosmetic use. The porous structure of the particles gives it a high adsorption capacity, which is key to its versatile use in cosmetics.

It acts as a texturising agent, giving cosmetic products a luxurious feel, an excellent sensory experience and exceptional softness on the skin's surface. It reduces the heavy feel of oil-based products and has a high capacity to absorb sebum and oils, helping to control excess sebum and mattify the skin. It works through the physical adsorption of sebum thanks to its porous structure, which absorbs up to 2-3 times its own volume in oil. It is used at concentrations of 1-10 % in powder and oil-based formulations to improve texture and skin feel.

It is recommended for oily, combination and acne-prone skin, where it effectively absorbs excess sebum and helps prevent clogged pores. It is also suitable for normal skin in powder products such as face powders and dry shampoos, where it provides a matte finish and smoothness. It is less suitable for very dry skin, where it may increase the feeling of dryness unless combined with moisturising ingredients.

In a study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015), silica at a concentration of 5 % in powder formulations reduced the visibility of pores by 25 % and improved skin mattness by 40 % after 4 weeks of application to oily skin. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2008) confirmed that porous silica absorbs 2,5 times more sebum than regular starch, significantly prolonging the matte effect of make-up.

100 % natural vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant containing a blend of alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols. Vitamin E helps protect the skin from UV damage and improves skin texture and moisture levels. Our natural vitamin E contains no chemicals or solvents. Vitamin E supports the skin’s defences and fights the signs of skin ageing – it can improve texture, smooth the skin, increase elasticity, reduce wrinkles and help prevent age spots. It is derived from plant oils such as wheat germ, sunflower and hazelnut oils, in which it naturally occurs at high concentrations, for example 149 mg per 100 g in wheat germ oil. It is a purely natural organic extract with no synthetic additives, retaining its full biological activity.

It renews cells, boosts circulation in the skin and helps retain water in the upper layers of the skin. This vitamin has a very beneficial effect on overall skin vitality, helps with various forms of inflammation and damage, and contributes to scar healing. Vitamin E is the best natural antioxidant. It neutralises free radicals in the skin, slowing the ageing process and reducing fine lines. This vitamin is particularly suitable for use during summer, as it protects the skin from the effects of UV radiation. It works by neutralising free radicals, restoring the skin barrier, providing deep hydration by binding moisture in the stratum corneum and strengthening the protective barrier, offering antioxidant protection against UV and pollution, and soothing inflammation through its anti-inflammatory action. At concentrations of 0,5-5 % in cosmetics, it significantly improves hydration and elasticity.

It is recommended for dry, sensitive, mature and dehydrated skin, as well as skin exposed to environmental stress, sunlight or ageing. It is ideal for those seeking natural protection against wrinkles, pigmentation spots and loss of elasticity, including those with acne-prone skin and scarring, thanks to its healing properties.

A study by Gensler et al. showed that applying d-alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate to the skin reduces lipid peroxide formation and oxidative stress, protecting skin cells from damage and providing photoprotective effects. Further research confirms that vitamin E combined with vitamin C increases protection against UVA radiation and supports collagen production. These findings highlight its effectiveness at concentrations commonly used in cosmetics.

Pullulan is a natural polysaccharide produced through fermentation by the yeast Aureobasidium pullulans. It has exceptional film-forming and binding properties, which is why it is used in cosmetics to create a smooth, fine film on the skin and improve product texture. It is also often added to food and pharmaceutical products as a stabiliser or coating material, as it is non-toxic and biodegradable. This polysaccharide is obtained through an environmentally friendly biotechnological process, similar to the production of hyaluronic acid through microbial fermentation. Its molecular structure consists of glucose units linked by alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 bonds, giving it high viscosity and elasticity. Its biocompatibility makes it ideal for modern natural cosmetics, where it replaces synthetic polymers and contributes to product sustainability.

Pullulan acts as an excellent humectant and film-forming agent, creating a protective film on the skin's surface to prevent moisture loss and restore the skin barrier. This film is breathable and non-sticky, allowing the skin to breathe and improving hydration without clogging pores. It also has mild antioxidant properties thanks to its ability to stabilise other active ingredients, and protects against environmental stressors. It does not exfoliate, but soothes the skin with its gentle texture. The recommended concentration in cosmetic formulations is 0,5 to 2 per cent, with 1 % significantly improving the sensory properties of gels and serums.

This ingredient is ideal for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it strengthens the barrier and reduces transepidermal water loss. I also recommend it for oily and acne-prone skin, as its non-comedogenic film regulates hydration without increasing sebum production. It is suitable for all age groups, particularly those looking for natural alternatives to synthetic film-forming agents such as acrylates. In anti-ageing products, it supports smoothness and elasticity.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) demonstrated that pullulan at a concentration of 1 % reduced transepidermal water loss by 28 % after 4 weeks of application to dry skin (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018). Further research in the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (2020) confirmed that pullulan improves the penetration of active ingredients by 35 % thanks to its film-forming properties (International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020). These data highlight its efficacy in clinical tests.

A transparent substance with an exceptional ability to bind moisture, it works like a sponge, absorbing up to a thousand times its own weight in water. It is found in every tissue in the body, particularly in areas that depend on moisture, such as the vitreous humour of the eye, connective tissue and synovial fluid in the joints. It is naturally present in the diet, so nutrition helps stimulate its production in the body. Its concentration in the skin decreases significantly with age, leading to reduced water retention in the skin's connective tissue and resulting in less elastic skin that is prone to wrinkles. It is used to reduce wrinkles, fine lines, sagging skin, scars and post-acne pigmentation. It creates space within tissues for the transport of substances essential for natural cell regeneration, enhancing the skin's ability to regenerate. It is used in the treatment of burns and skin ulcers to restore hydration. It protects against external factors, maintains firmness and elasticity, smooths deeper wrinkles, neutralises free radicals, prevents stretch marks, corrects skin imperfections, speeds up wound healing and minimises scarring. It improves the supply of nutrients from deeper structures to the surface layers. It is obtained from microorganisms through biotechnological processes, ensuring high purity and compatibility with natural cosmetics. The grade used is of the highest global quality, sourced from a leading manufacturer with Ecocert and COSMOS certifications for natural and organic cosmetics.

Its main mechanism of action is intensive moisturisation: it binds and retains water on the skin's surface, restoring the lipid barrier and supporting its protective functions. Its high molecular weight prevents deep penetration, so it remains in the upper layers as a hydrating film that protects against transepidermal water loss. It also has mild antioxidant properties, neutralising free radicals and helping to soothe irritated skin. The recommended concentration in creams is the maximum specified by the manufacturer, typically 0,1-1 % for surface hydration.

It is particularly recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it intensively replenishes moisture and reduces wrinkles. It is suitable for all skin types, including oily and acne-prone skin, as it does not clog pores and regulates hydration without leaving a greasy film. It is ideal for people with skin damaged by environmental factors or following intensive treatments.

A study published in the Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology (2014) showed that topical application of a 0,1 % solution increases skin hydration by 96 % after a single use and maintains the effect for up to 6 hours. Further research in the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (2018) confirmed that the high-molecular-weight form improves skin elasticity by 20 % after 4 weeks of daily use at a concentration of 0,5 %.

Certifications: Ecocert and COSMOS – the world's strictest standards for natural cosmetics.

Xanthan gum is a fine powder obtained by fermenting sugar. This 100 % natural stabiliser and emulsifier is used in food and cosmetics. It acts as a thickener, emulsion stabiliser and humectant that binds water and retains it in the skin for a long time. It is obtained by fermenting glucose and sucrose. Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide produced by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris derived from maize. No genetically modified raw materials are used in its production. This biopolymer is formed through a fermentation process in which Xanthomonas campestris bacteria convert simple sugars from maize, soya or wheat into a complex polysaccharide. The process involves inoculating the culture, fermenting it under controlled temperature and pH conditions, then purifying, spray-drying and milling it into a fine powder. Discovered in the 1950s and patented in 1963 by the USDA, it offers a renewable alternative to traditional thickeners. It is not synthetic but produced biotechnologically from natural sources, making it suitable for organic cosmetics and GMO-free food.

Its mechanism of action involves a high water-binding capacity, which moisturises the skin and improves hydration. It stabilises emulsions by preventing the oil and water phases from separating, helping to restore the skin’s barrier function through improved product consistency. It provides a smooth, silky feel on the skin, making application gentle and reducing friction. At low concentrations, typically 0,1-1 %, it achieves high viscosity, stabilises suspensions and foams, and withstands changes in pH (3-12), temperature and salt levels. It is used to create transparent gels, control the flow properties of water-based formulations and provide flexibility.

It is recommended for all skin types, especially dry, dehydrated, sensitive and normal skin, where it improves hydration and comfort. It is suitable for oily and acne-prone skin in cleansing gels and shampoos thanks to its stability at an acidic pH (4,5-5,5). In creams and serums for mature skin, it supports the skin barrier. It does not weigh the skin down, is non-irritating and is ideal for vegan, gluten-free cosmetics.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) showed that xanthan gum at a concentration of 0,5 % in moisturising formulations increased moisture retention in the skin by 25 % after 24 hours compared with a placebo (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2015). Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) reports that, at 0,3 % in emulsions, it stabilised the barrier function of dry skin 18 % more effectively, as measured by transepidermal water loss (TEWL).

It has the distinctive scent of spring lilac – warm, floral and lightly citrusy. Geranium has antiseptic properties, supports wound healing and soothes the skin. It has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and astringent effects. It balances sebaceous gland activity, removes excess oil from the skin and is also very helpful for eczema and acne. It is particularly effective for dry skin and dry skin infections. This essential oil is obtained by distilling the leaves and stems of a plant native to southern Africa and grown in temperate climates. It is a 100 % natural organic extract without synthetic additives, rich in geraniol and citronellol, which contribute to its therapeutic properties. In traditional medicine, it is used to support skin regeneration and relieve irritation.

It works through anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and regenerative effects that soothe irritated skin and support healing. It moisturises dry areas by restoring the skin barrier, acts as an antioxidant against free radicals and tightens pores. It balances sebum production by regulating the sebaceous glands, removing excess oil without drying out the skin. Its antiseptic properties prevent the spread of bacteria, making it ideal for infections and inflammation. The recommended concentration in cosmetics is 0,5-2 % in creams and lotions for optimal results without sensitisation.

It is recommended for dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and eczema-prone skin. It is suitable for people with eczema, dry skin infections, inflammatory conditions or imbalanced sebum production. It helps more mature skin regenerate and feel soothed, and also helps teenagers with acne. Avoid during pregnancy or if you are allergic to linalool. For sensitive skin, use in combination with a carrier oil.

A study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2017) demonstrated that Pelargonium graveolens oil at a concentration of 1 % inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by 95 % and reduces inflammatory markers in a mouse model of skin infections. Further research in Molecules (2020) showed that, at a concentration of 2 %, it improves wound healing by 40 % by stimulating collagen production and reducing oxidative stress. These data confirm its effectiveness in clinical settings.

Ylang-ylang oil is obtained by steam distillation of the flowers of Cananga Odorata, an evergreen tropical tree native to southern Asia, particularly the Philippines. The name comes from the Filipino word alang-ylang, which literally refers to flowers that "hang" or "flutter in the wind". It is a natural essential oil with a pale yellow, oily appearance, containing a range of valuable compounds from the plant material.

Function

Ylang-ylang oil works in several ways. Primarily, it moisturises the skin and supports hydration, helping to maintain natural moisture levels in the skin's outermost layer. It also regulates sebaceous gland activity, balancing sebum production. It has a balancing action: it reduces sebum production in oily skin while providing the hydration it needs. The oil also has antiseptic properties and soothes skin irritation. It contains antioxidants that protect the skin against free radicals and ageing.

Recommendations

Ylang-ylang oil is versatile and suitable for all skin types. It is particularly recommended for oily and combination skin, where its regulating properties help balance sebum production. Its soothing and hydrating effects also make it useful in caring for sensitive and dehydrated skin. Mature skin benefits from its antioxidant properties, which help prevent visible signs of ageing. Thanks to its gentle, balancing action, it can be an ideal step in the skincare routine of those looking for a natural way to balance their skin.