Cera Hydra Face Cream - Water-Lock

With its beautiful, intoxicating scent, this rose water of the highest quality is a completely natural product with wonderful beauty benefits. It is an extract of damask rose petals, obtained by distilling fresh flowers, and contains water-soluble volatile and aromatic compounds from roses. This hydrolate is rich in antioxidants, bioflavonoids and carotenes that penetrate the skin and support its health. Thanks to its strong antibacterial properties, it is made without preservatives, and is hypoallergenic and gentle on the skin. As well as being used in cosmetics, it is used in cooking to flavour desserts and drinks, and supports digestion when consumed in small amounts.

Rose water is an excellent toner that hydrates the skin, balances its pH, cleanses pores and stimulates regeneration. It has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, disinfects, prevents inflammation and tightens pores. It soothes irritated skin, reduces redness and puffiness, and promotes healing in skin affected by acne, eczema or rosacea. As an antioxidant, it protects against free radicals, slows ageing, improves elasticity and helps prevent wrinkles. It is used at a concentration of 100 % as a toner or spray, with no need to dilute it, ideally morning and evening.

We recommend it for dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and mature skin. It is ideal for children, people with allergies, and after shaving, hair removal or sunburn. In summer, it refreshes the skin as a spray, sets make-up and removes blackheads. Suitable for anyone looking for natural, alcohol-free skincare.

A study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2011) showed that Rosa damascena hydrolate at a concentration of 100 % significantly reduced inflammatory markers in patients with acne by 68 % after 60 days of daily application, thanks to its phenolic compounds and essential oils (Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011). Further research in Phytotherapy Research (2015) reports that the antioxidants in rose water improved skin hydration by 25 % and reduced transepidermal water loss in dry skin (Phytotherapy Research, 2015).

Ceramides are lipids that naturally occur in large amounts in cell membranes and are among the main components of the upper layers of our skin. As we age, our skin loses these lipids. Lipids protect our skin against free radicals and microorganisms, forming part of the skin barrier. They retain the skin’s natural moisture, prevent water loss from deeper layers and provide essential hydration, improving its ability to retain moisture. They help prevent skin ageing and maintain a youthful appearance. A ceramide complex stimulates the skin to produce more collagen. Ceramides strengthen the skin’s protective function and improve its ability to retain moisture, helping to protect it against external factors such as sunlight and air pollution. They are produced naturally in the skin, but cosmetics use synthetic forms or plant-derived phytoceramides, such as those obtained from wheat germ, allowing them to be widely used in organic extracts.

Their mechanism of action includes moisturising by retaining water in the skin and reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL), restoring the skin barrier by acting like glue between cells in the stratum corneum, providing antioxidant protection against free radicals and soothing irritated skin. They strengthen the lipid structure, improving elasticity and suppleness. At concentrations commonly used in cosmetics (0,1-1 %), they significantly support hydration and regeneration without irritation.

They are recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and irritated skin, as well as mature skin with visible signs of ageing, eczema or psoriasis. They are ideal for people exposed to harsh skincare treatments, cold, pollution or UV radiation, helping to restore the barrier and improve tolerance to active ingredients such as retinoids.

A study involving 60 volunteers with dry skin showed that taking ceramides orally for 60 days increased skin hydration, elasticity and smoothness, and reduced TEWL, roughness and wrinkling compared with a placebo (Enori.sk, study cited in the source). Clinical tests on CeramosidesTM demonstrated improvements in skin elasticity and hydration after just 15 days.

This Ecocert-certified olive emulsifier is a 100 % organic, non-ionic, PEG-free plant-based emulsifier made from olive oil. An emulsifier is an agent that allows two or more liquids that do not normally mix, such as water and oil, to form an emulsion by reducing surface tension. It has excellent moisturising properties and helps soften the skin. It reduces moisture loss and is hypoallergenic. It is obtained from olive oil through the esterification of fatty acids, sorbitol and cetearyl alcohol. Sorbitol belongs to a group of sugar alcohols that occur naturally in fruit and vegetables (apples, pears, cherries, grapes...). It is a natural sweetener. Cetearyl alcohol is an emulsifier of 100 % plant origin that creates creamy, softening textures without a greasy film, leaving a pleasant feel on the skin. This emulsifier comes exclusively from plant sources, specifically olive oil, contains no synthetic additives and meets strict standards for organic extracts. The production process involves physical and biotechnological methods, such as esterification, that preserve the natural nutritional value and beneficial compounds.

It works by forming stable emulsions, reducing the surface tension between water and oil to create uniform creams and lotions. Its olive fatty acid content provides intensive moisture, restores the skin's lipid barrier by mimicking its natural structure and reduces transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Polyphenols from olive oil give it antioxidant properties, while it soothes irritated skin and gently softens it without leaving a greasy film. The recommended concentration in formulations is 2-6 % for optimal emulsification and hydration.

It is recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it effectively restores the barrier and retains moisture. It is also suitable for oily and acne-prone skin thanks to its non-comedogenic composition and light texture, which does not clog pores. Ideal for all skin types looking for natural, hypoallergenic emulsifiers in organic cosmetics.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) showed that olive ester-based emulsifiers at a concentration of 4 % reduced TEWL by 28 % after 4 weeks of application to dry skin and improved hydration by 35 % (compared with the control). Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) reports that Cetearyl Olivate and Sorbitan Olivate at a concentration of 3-5 % increase skin elasticity by 22 % and support skin barrier repair in individuals with atopic dermatitis.

Dulcia natural uses a high-quality olive emulsifier that meets the most stringent COSMOS certification. A prestigious international certification for natural and organic cosmetics.

Olive squalene is a luxurious ingredient and, as its name suggests, it is pure plant-derived squalene obtained from olives. It is also known as a “natural facelift” because it is similar to the lipids in human skin, allowing it to penetrate deep into skin tissue, support cell regeneration and oxygenation, hydrate, promote healing and, not least, smooth wrinkles. This ingredient comes from olives and is obtained by hydrogenating the squalene present in olive oil through environmentally friendly processes, without using animal sources or synthetic chemicals. It is a stable, plant-based alternative to animal-derived squalene that is fully compatible with organic cosmetics and supports sustainable production. Thanks to its structure, which is identical to human lipids, it absorbs exceptionally well without clogging pores, making it an ideal base for nourishing products.

It works primarily by intensely moisturising the skin and restoring its barrier, replenishing the skin’s natural lipids and preventing transepidermal water loss. As a powerful antioxidant, it protects cells from free radicals and supports tissue regeneration and oxygenation, helping to smooth wrinkles and improve elasticity. It also soothes irritation and speeds up healing, without exfoliating effects. The recommended concentration in cosmetic formulations is 5-20 %, with 10 % significantly increasing hydration without leaving a greasy film.

It is particularly recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it effectively combats loss of elasticity and wrinkles. It is also suitable for oily and acne-prone skin, as it is non-comedogenic and regulates the sebaceous glands without clogging pores. Thanks to its hypoallergenic properties, it is ideal for all age groups, including children and pregnant women. It has a soothing effect on sensitive skin with eczema or irritation, while helping to prevent signs of ageing in mature skin.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) showed that olive squalene at a concentration of 10 % increased skin hydration by 45 % and improved skin barrier recovery by 30 % after 4 weeks of application in women with dry skin. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2020) reports that applying 5 % olive-derived squalene reduced lipid peroxidation in the skin by 25 % and improved elasticity by 20 % over 8 weeks, confirming its antioxidant and regenerative effects.

Produced from coconut oil, it is a natural water-binding substance that also occurs in the body. Its main properties are hydrating and restorative, and it creates a protective barrier against dryness. It leaves a soft, silky, supple layer on the skin and prevents moisture loss, helping to build the skin's protective barrier. Its concentration in the finished product is important. In addition to coconut oil, it can also be obtained from vegetable oils such as palm or soya oil through hydrolysis, or as a by-product of biodiesel production. It belongs to a group of humectants that can bind up to 1000 times their weight in water from their surroundings, ensuring long-lasting hydration. It occurs naturally in the skin as part of the natural moisturising factors (NMF) that make up the outermost layer of the epidermis. It can also be produced synthetically for greater purity in cosmetics, although the natural form is preferred in organic products. It supports skin elasticity by improving the penetration of other active ingredients into deeper layers.

As a humectant, it intensely moisturises the skin by attracting and binding water molecules from the environment and the lower layers of the skin. It restores the skin barrier by forming a protective film that minimises transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and protects against environmental factors such as dry air and pollution. It has a mild soothing effect on irritated skin and supports its regeneration. At concentrations of 5-20 % in serums or creams, it significantly increases hydration; with 10 % glycerine, moisture loss was reduced by 25 % after 24 hours (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018). At lower concentrations (below 5 %), it acts as a solubiliser for essential oils.

It is recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it prevents wrinkles caused by dehydration. At low concentrations, it is also suitable for oily and acne-prone skin, as it does not leave a greasy film and regulates hydration without clogging pores. It is ideal for atopic dermatitis or eczema, where it supports barrier repair. During the winter months or in dry environments, it is invaluable for all skin types, especially for children and older people with thin skin.

A study published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) showed that a 20 % glycerine solution increased skin hydration by 40 % after 7 days of application in women with dry skin. Further research in the British Journal of Dermatology (2008) reports that glycerine at a concentration of 6 %, combined with lipids, restored the skin barrier 30 % faster than a placebo in patients with eczema.

This water-binding ingredient acts as a moisturiser and skin softener in cosmetics. It helps active ingredients penetrate the skin. Another key benefit of pentylene glycol is that, unlike conventional alcohol, it does not have a drying effect, even at higher concentrations. Pentylene glycol is an excellent aid for macerating herbs. It does not dry the skin like conventional alcohol and, thanks to its properties, extracts both water-soluble and fat-soluble substances from herbs. Pentylene Glycol also helps prevent the growth of microorganisms on the skin. It is water-soluble, acts as a solubiliser and is colourless and odourless. Pentylene glycol is made from sugar cane bagasse and corn cobs and is certified by Ecocert Cosmos and NATRUE. The raw materials used in its production are not derived from GMO sources. This ingredient comes from renewable plant sources: bagasse is a by-product of cane sugar production, while maize provides fermentable starches, ensuring sustainable production without relying on petrochemical derivatives.

Its action is primarily based on its ability to retain moisture: it binds water in the skin and prevents moisture loss, restoring the lipid barrier. It also has antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, allowing it to act as a gentle preservative. It helps active ingredients penetrate deeper into the skin without disrupting its structure. At concentrations of 1 to 5 per cent, it is recommended as a safe humectant and solubiliser; at 3 per cent, it significantly reduces microbial contamination without causing irritation.

It is recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, providing effective hydration without feeling heavy. It is also suitable for oily and acne-prone skin thanks to its non-comedogenic and antimicrobial properties, which help prevent inflammation without clogging pores. It is ideal for sensitive skin, including children's skin, as it contains no harsh preservatives and minimises the risk of irritation.

A study published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2012) showed that pentylene glycol at a concentration of 4 per cent inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by 99,9 per cent and Candida albicans by 99,8 per cent after 48 hours of exposure, confirming its strong antimicrobial effects while remaining safe for the skin. Further research in the Journal of Applied Microbiology (2008) reports that, at a concentration of 2 per cent, it reduces microbial contamination in cosmetic emulsions by 4 log units within 7 days.

Niacin, or vitamin B3, belongs to the B vitamin complex. Vitamin B3 is a collective term for nicotinic acid and niacin. It occurs naturally in foods such as meat, fish, nuts and wholegrain products, but cosmetics use a synthetic form or organic extracts from yeast and plants. This water-soluble vitamin is essential for cellular metabolism and the synthesis of the coenzyme NAD, which supports energy processes in skin cells. In cosmetic products, it is added in the stable form of niacinamide, which is readily absorbed into the skin without causing irritation.

It protects the skin and improves its health. It plays a role in cellular metabolism, helping enzymatic processes function properly. Its mechanism of action includes moisturising the skin by increasing the synthesis of ceramides and free fatty acids, thereby restoring the skin barrier. It has powerful antioxidant properties that neutralise free radicals and protect against oxidative stress. It soothes inflammation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes exfoliation by regulating keratinisation. Recommended concentrations are 2-5 % for hydration and barrier repair, and up to 10 % for pigmentation and acne.

Niacin helps the skin retain water, improves the condition of sensitive skin (including skin with rosacea) and strengthens its defences. It is also excellent for supporting acne treatment, both topically and orally. It is useful even for severe forms of acne. It improves the appearance of ageing skin and brightens the complexion, making it suitable for reducing pigmentation and age spots. It plumps and hydrates the skin and prevents water loss. Its benefits extend well beyond our skin and hair. I recommend it for dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and mature skin. It is ideal for rosacea, eczema, hyperpigmentation and anti-ageing care, as it strengthens the barrier without clogging pores.

This vitamin is important for the proper functioning of the whole body, and a deficiency can cause fatigue, digestive problems, mental illness and depression, for example. A clinical study showed that niacinamide at a concentration of 4 % reduced hyperpigmentation by 35-68 % after 4-8 weeks in patients with melasma (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2004). Further research confirmed that 4 % niacinamide reduced acne lesions by 52 %, while 2 % niacinamide reduced hyperpigmentation by 44 % after 8 weeks (International Journal of Dermatology, 2002). High-dose oral supplementation (1 g daily) reduced acne symptoms by 50 % after 8 weeks (Botanic.sk study).

Butyl oleate is a gentle, oily substance used in cosmetics as a softening emollient. It occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats, but in commercial cosmetics it is usually produced synthetically by esterifying oleic acid with butanol. It is colourless, has no strong odour and spreads easily on the skin, helping to keep it soft and smooth.

Butyl oleate works by significantly moisturising and restoring the skin barrier, forming a thin lipid film on the skin's surface that prevents water loss. It is not an active ingredient with exfoliating or antioxidant effects, but rather a supporting ingredient that improves skin comfort and softens its texture. In cosmetic formulations, it is often combined with other oils or emulsifiers to achieve the ideal feel on the skin.

Butyl oleate is particularly suitable for dry, dehydrated and sensitive skin that needs extra nourishment and help locking in moisture. It is also recommended for people with mature skin, where it helps smooth fine lines and reduce feelings of tightness. It may be too oily for oily or acne-prone skin, so it is used with caution or at lower concentrations in these cases.

A study reports that oil ester-based emollients, such as butyl oleate, significantly reduce skin sensitivity after mask removal and improve its elasticity. An experimental test with oleic acid-based emollients confirmed that the skin stays hydrated for longer and is less prone to irritation (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2019). Although this study does not directly examine butyl oleate, its chemical structure as an ester of oleic acid supports similar effects on the skin barrier.

This is a natural emollient derived from sugar beet and coconut. It is of 100% natural origin and is 100% biodegradable. It gives the skin a luxurious feel, softens it and prevents moisture loss. It gives products a lightweight, non-greasy feel. It helps disperse mineral UV filters, helping to reduce the white cast on the skin and making sunscreen easier to spread. This ingredient is produced by esterifying isoamyl alcohol from sugar beet with fatty acids from coconut oil, ensuring high purity and environmental friendliness. Thanks to its plant origin, it meets strict natural cosmetics criteria and is an ideal choice for environmentally focused products.

It works primarily by moisturising and restoring the skin barrier, strengthening the skin’s lipid layer and preventing transepidermal water loss. It also acts as an emollient, softening the skin’s surface and providing a dry, non-greasy finish. It is also used to disperse mineral UV filters, improving their distribution and reducing the visible white cast. The recommended concentration in cosmetic formulations is 1-10 %, depending on the desired viscosity and type of emulsion, with lower concentrations (1-3 %) sufficient for lightweight creams and higher concentrations (5-10 %) for sunscreens.

It is particularly recommended for dry, dehydrated and sensitive skin, where it effectively prevents moisture loss and provides comfort without feeling heavy. Its non-greasy feel also makes it suitable for oily and combination skin, as well as for all skin types in sunscreen products. It is ideal for mature skin, where it supports barrier function and softens wrinkles, and for athletes or people with an active lifestyle who need water-repellent yet breathable formulations.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) showed that Isoamyl Laurate at a concentration of 5 % in emulsions with mineral UV filters reduced the visibility of the white cast by 68 % and improved spreadability by 45 % compared with standard emulsifiers. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2020) reports that this emollient increases skin hydration by 25 % at 4 hours after application compared with synthetic alternatives, confirming its effectiveness in restoring the lipid barrier.

This naturally occurring amino acid compound is most commonly derived from sugar beet. It helps plants cope with drought and high salt concentrations by stabilising the water balance within cells. In cosmetics, it is used as an osmolyte and humectant. It dissolves readily in water, has no strong colour or scent and is easy to incorporate into serums, creams and cleansers.

Betaine binds water in the surface layers of the skin and helps maintain a comfortable feeling of hydration without a heavy or sticky film. It reduces uncomfortable tightness, supports the suppleness of the outermost layer of skin and may reduce irritation caused by cleansing surfactants. Rather than acting as a greasy, occlusive oil, it helps cells manage water more effectively. In formulations, it is often combined with glycerine, panthenol, hyaluronic acid or components of the skin’s natural moisturising factor.

We particularly recommend it for dry, dehydrated, sensitive skin and skin with a compromised barrier. It is also very well suited to oily and acne-prone skin that needs hydration but cannot tolerate rich emollients. It is beneficial during winter, after sun exposure, in air-conditioned environments or in products used alongside retinoids and exfoliating acids.

In a study of a cream containing 4 per cent betaine, a significant reduction in transepidermal water loss was recorded after four weeks, suggesting improved skin barrier function. Measures of hydration and the appearance of wrinkles were also assessed (PuraBeet Skin Care Study, 2025). This is a supplier study, so the results should be interpreted in the context of the complete formulation.

It is commonly used at concentrations of around 1 to 5 per cent, and at higher levels in some products. It is stable across a wide pH range and is generally well tolerated. In highly concentrated water-based serums, the amount of other humectants needs to be balanced to prevent the product from feeling sticky.

In your daily routine, it is worth focusing on longer-term comfort, suppleness and whether your skin feels less tight throughout the day. In a dry climate, a humectant also needs an emollient or occlusive ingredient to lock in the retained water. The result therefore depends on the complete formulation, regular use and gentle cleansing, not just a high concentration of a single ingredient. Regular application in an appropriate amount is also important.

Description
Marula oil is obtained by cold-pressing the seeds of the fruit of the African sclerocarya birrea, a tree native to the African savannahs. It is a natural, unrefined extract rich in bioactive compounds. The oil has a golden-yellow colour and is one of the most precious natural cosmetic ingredients. Its African origins and traditional use in local skincare give it a long history among plant oils. Like all natural carrier oils, it is a liquid fat pressed from organic sources without synthetic processing.

Function
Marula oil works on several levels in cosmetics. Its primary role is as an intensive moisturiser – polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-6 and omega-9) penetrate deep into the skin and strengthen the cellular barrier, helping to retain moisture. It also acts as a powerful antioxidant thanks to its vitamin C, tocopherol (vitamin E) and ferulic acid content. Ferulic acid in this oil matrix neutralises free radicals caused by UV radiation and pollution, and research suggests that it enhances antioxidant effectiveness when combined with vitamin C. The oil also stimulates collagen and elastin production, supporting skin regeneration and elasticity. Its lightweight texture ensures that it does not clog pores and absorbs quickly.

Recommendations
Marula oil is recommended for dry, mature, dehydrated and sensitive skin. Its highly moisturising and anti-inflammatory properties make it ideal for those experiencing dryness and the first signs of ageing. Its anti-ageing effect makes it a preferred choice for mature skin. Thanks to its lightweight texture and non-comedogenic properties, it is also well tolerated by those with more problem-prone and sensitive skin. The oil is suitable for virtually all skin types, including combination skin.

Jojoba oil is actually a liquid wax obtained from the seeds of Simmondsia chinensis, an evergreen shrub native to the deserts of Arizona and other arid regions of North America. The seeds resemble coffee beans and are rich in high-molecular-weight esters. It is an entirely natural extract with no synthetic components. Jojoba oil is also known as "liquid gold" and has been used in cosmetics for decades. Its unique composition sets it apart from other natural oils.

Jojoba oil works thanks to its structure, which is remarkably similar to the sebum produced by the skin's sebaceous glands. The oil effectively regulates sebum production, helping to balance the skin's overall condition and forming a protective barrier without an overly greasy feel. Jojoba has notable anti-inflammatory and soothing properties and, at the concentrations used in cosmetic products, provides excellent hydration and helps restore the skin. It also supports skin regeneration and cell renewal, helping to improve elasticity and suppleness. The oil absorbs readily without leaving a sticky feel or a film on the skin.

Jojoba oil is ideal for dry, sensitive, cracked and mature skin. Its soothing properties also make it suitable for acne-prone and dehydrated skin, as it regulates excess sebum production without drying the skin out. It also offers natural UV protection with a factor of approximately 3 to 4. Its anti-allergenic composition makes it safe even for extremely sensitive and atopic skin. Experts recommend it for people looking for a gentle alternative to synthetic moisturisers.

Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of jojoba oil in skincare. According to studies, jojoba oil in cosmetic products can regulate sebum production and improve the skin's overall condition, helping to balance its natural pH. The oil contains a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E and numerous trace elements and minerals, which penetrate particularly well into the deeper layers of the skin and regenerate it from within. It restores lost shine and suppleness to hair, while helping to smooth wrinkles and reduce signs of ageing in the skin. It is a versatile, safe ingredient suitable for all skin types.

Oligofurcellaran concentrate activates epidermal hyaluronic acid to help restructure the skin. It is derived from the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis. Furcellaria lumbricalis is a seaweed with glossy, cartilaginous, cylindrical fronds that grows to 5-30 cm. For our purposes, it is cultivated in a laboratory. The extract is obtained using a specialised method of supercritical CO2 extraction and enriched with seawater. The uptake of marine nutrients, particularly potassium, gives it hygroscopic and gelling properties similar to those of hyaluronic acid. It has a high molecular weight and acts as a macromolecule on the skin's surface. This bio-extract from red algae is natural and free from synthetic additives, while laboratory cultivation ensures purity and consistent quality without placing an environmental burden on wild populations.

Oligofurcellaran concentrate moisturises the skin through its hygroscopic properties, trapping water molecules on the surface. It can hold almost its own weight in water, maintaining a moist film. It stimulates the synthesis of epidermal hyaluronic acid by promoting the production of the enzyme Hyaluronan synthase, helping to rehydrate and restructure the skin. It restores the skin barrier by promoting the production of the protein Claudin and ceramides to form barrier junctions between cells, preventing transepidermal water loss. It strengthens skin cohesion from the deeper to the surface layers, slows ageing and protects against the harmful effects of pollution. It supports hydration in the deeper layers and plumping in the middle and upper layers. The recommended concentration in cosmetic formulations is 1-3 % for optimal results.

It is recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, providing intensive hydration and restoring the barrier. It is also suitable for skin exposed to urban pollution, as it forms a protective film like a second skin. Its lightweight texture benefits oily and acne-prone skin without clogging pores, soothing irritation and improving elasticity. It is ideal for all age groups experiencing dehydration or a weakened skin barrier, including use around the eyes to reduce puffiness.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) showed that oligofurcellaran at a concentration of 2 % increased hyaluronic acid synthesis in the epidermis by 45 % after 28 days of in vitro application to human keratinocytes, improving hydration by 32 % as measured by corneometry. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2020) confirmed that, at a concentration of 1,5 %, it reduced transepidermal water loss by 28 % over 14 days in a skin model exposed to a dry environment.

Panthenol is a water-soluble vitamin involved in the metabolism of all nutrients in the body. Its name comes from Greek and means “found everywhere”. Indeed, it is found in almost every food and is essential for healthy skin. It is a hygroscopic ingredient that effectively binds water and helps optimise skin function. It helps keep the skin hydrated and smooth, stimulates the formation of new cells, speeds up healing processes and soothes the skin. It is produced synthetically from pantothenic acid, which occurs naturally in both plant and animal sources. Organic cosmetics favour a safe form obtained through gentle synthesis from natural sources. In the body, it is converted into active pantothenic acid, which supports regeneration and is essential for healthy skin, hair and nails.

Provitamin B5 improves the regeneration of mature skin by speeding up cell metabolism and stimulating cell renewal. It helps retain moisture in the skin and has anti-inflammatory, hydrating and soothing effects. It protects the skin against sunburn. D-panthenol improves skin metabolism and nourishment, helps maintain its youthful appearance and reduces wrinkle formation. It works by hydrating the skin as a humectant, binding water in the upper layers of the skin and preventing transepidermal water loss; restoring the skin barrier by stimulating the synthesis of sphingolipids and fatty acids; providing antioxidant protection against free radicals; soothing inflammation by modulating inflammatory pathways; and accelerating healing by promoting the proliferation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The recommended concentration in cosmetics is 0,5 % to 10 %.

Ideal for dry, sensitive, dehydrated, mature, acne-prone and irritated skin, including children's skin and skin after sun exposure. It is recommended for eczema, burns and insect bites, as well as after tattooing or shaving, where it relieves itching and redness and supports healing without the risk of irritation.

A study published in the Journal of Dermatological Treatment (2011) showed that a gel containing 5 % D-panthenol applied twice daily to dry, itchy skin significantly improved hydration by 20 % and reduced itching by 30 % after just 7 days compared with a placebo (Ebner et al., 2011). Another study in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2002) reported that 2 % panthenol in a cream strengthened the skin barrier, increased ceramide levels and reduced transepidermal water loss by 25 % after 4 weeks in individuals with atopic eczema (Proksch et al., 2002).

Fractionated coconut oil is a 100 % natural oil produced by fractionating coconut oil. This process separates the oil into individual types of fatty acids. It remains liquid and is colourless and odourless. It absorbs very well into the skin and has an unlimited shelf life because it is 100 % saturated. It is a ‘dry’ oil, rich in fatty acids and moisturising components. The fractionation process removes longer-chain fatty acids, such as lauric acid, creating a lightweight blend of medium-chain fatty acids, mainly caprylic acid (C8) and capric acid (C10). It comes from the tropical fruit of the coconut palm, which grows in regions such as India, the Philippines and Indonesia. It is a plant-derived glyceride that feels soft to the touch and is biologically compatible with human skin. Unlike raw coconut oil, which solidifies at lower temperatures, fractionated coconut oil stays liquid even in the cold, making it an ideal ingredient for cosmetic formulations. It is not synthetic but obtained through physical distillation without chemical additives, and can be certified as an organic extract from organic farming.

A plant-derived glyceride with a very soft feel. It is readily absorbed by human skin, is non-greasy and leaves no oily film. It acts as an emollient, moisturising the skin by reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and restoring the lipid barrier. It softens, smooths and conditions the skin. It helps the skin regulate sebum production and pH without blocking pores. The oil improves the penetration of active ingredients into the skin, such as essential oils or herbal ingredients. It acts as a solvent for oil-soluble active ingredients (maceration). As an occlusive, it protects against dryness and supports skin cell regeneration thanks to its saturated fatty acid content. At concentrations of 5-20 % in emulsions, it significantly improves hydration and elasticity without being comedogenic (no risk of clogging pores).

Recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it provides effective hydration without feeling heavy. It is also suitable for normal to combination skin, as it regulates sebum and leaves no film. For oily, dehydrated skin, it is ideal as a lightweight carrier for active ingredients. We do not recommend it for severely acne-prone skin with open lesions, although it is non-comedogenic. Its gentle texture makes it excellent for all ages, especially children, and for atopic skin.

A study published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2014) demonstrated that Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride at a concentration of 10 % in a moisturising cream reduced TEWL by 25 % after 4 weeks of application in subjects with dry skin. Further research in the Journal of Dermatological Science (2008) showed that fractionated coconut triglycerides support ceramide synthesis in the skin barrier by 18 % in vitro, restoring its protective layer.

First of all, we would like to explain that cosmetic products do need preservatives to prevent microbial growth, product spoilage and potential skin infections that may have long-term adverse effects on your skin. Protecting the product from spoilage, and therefore protecting you, is extremely important. It is equally important to us that the preservative system is mild and gentle and has absolutely no negative impact on your health. Our packaging also plays a significant role in gentle preservation, allowing us to use the lowest concentration of the preservative blend. This blend consists of organic acids and benzyl alcohol obtained through natural processes without synthetic chemicals, in accordance with strict organic farming and certification standards. The components originate from plant sources or microbial processes: dehydroacetic acid is produced through glucose fermentation, benzoic and sorbic acids are isolated from berries or strawberries, and benzyl alcohol from plant essential oils such as ylang-ylang or jasmine. These organic extracts are certified as natural and organic, free from GMOs and pesticides.

The organic preservative blend works by acidifying its environment, lowering the pH to 4-5,5, a level that inhibits the growth of bacteria, yeasts and moulds. The synergistic effect of the blend ensures broad-spectrum protection: dehydroacetic acid inhibits fungal enzymes, benzoic and sorbic acids penetrate the cell membranes of microorganisms and disrupt their metabolism, while benzyl alcohol disrupts cell walls. The typical concentration is 0,2-1 %, depending on the formulation, which minimises the potential for irritation when used with airless packaging. This system contains no parabens, formaldehyde releasers or isothiazolinones, protecting the integrity of natural ingredients without compromising stability.

We recommend this blend for all skin types – dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated or mature – particularly in organic cosmetics for families with children and people with allergies. It is ideal for those looking for a gentle alternative to synthetic preservatives, without the risk of sensitisation at low concentrations. A study published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2014) confirms that a blend of dehydroacetic acid (0,5 %), benzoic acid (0,3 %) and benzyl alcohol (0,2 %) achieved a 99,9 % reduction in Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in emulsions at pH 5,5 without affecting the product's rheology (Darr et al., 2014). Further research in the Journal of Applied Microbiology (2009) showed that sorbic acid used in combination (0,1 %) produced a 4 log reduction in Aspergillus niger within 7 days.

Dulcia natural uses a natural, environmentally friendly system to protect cosmetic products that complies with Ecocert and COSMOS standards. It has been developed to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination. It is designed to provide broad-spectrum protection using optimised, innovative synergistic blends, with environmental responsibility and sustainable development in mind. It is an organically certified formulation designed to protect products and people. All components are included on the lists of preservatives approved for natural and organic cosmetics by the world's most prestigious certification bodies.

Glyceryl Stearate Citrate is a gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that keeps water and oils blended in cosmetic products while softening the skin.

Origin
This ingredient is a natural, non-ionic emulsifier and co-emulsifier of plant origin, produced by reacting glycerine, stearic acid (usually from plant oils such as soya, rapeseed or corn oil) and citric acid. Thanks to its plant origin, it is also suitable for vegans and is readily biodegradable.

How it works
The main function of Glyceryl Stearate Citrate is to stabilise oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, creating light, smooth and non-greasy product textures. As an emollient, it softens and moisturises the skin, forming a protective film that restores the skin barrier and prevents water evaporation. In standard cream formulations, it is usually used at a concentration of 2 to 6 %, while 3 to 5 % is recommended for light lotions and 4 to 10 % for thicker creams.

Skin type
This ingredient is suitable for all skin types, including dry, sensitive, dehydrated, combination and oily skin. Its gentleness and low risk of irritation make it a popular ingredient for sensitive skin prone to irritation.

Research and safety
The safety of this substance is supported by extensive research. In its official 2017 report, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) research panel confirmed that Glyceryl Stearate Citrate is safe for use in cosmetic products at concentrations up to 5 %, with no evidence of irritation, sensitisation or toxicity when used correctly. In single and repeated skin tests, the ingredient was shown to be non-sensitising and non-irritating, ensuring its suitability for long-term use on human skin.

Vitamin F is obtained from natural safflower oil in a biologically active form, without genetic modification. It contains a high proportion of essential omega-6 fatty acids, including 70 to 80 % linoleic acid, which is vital for the skin’s lipid barrier. It also contains natural tocopherols that act as antioxidants. This organic extract supports the skin’s natural functions, renewal and maintenance of a healthy structure. Its safflower oil source ensures purity and quality that meet strict certification standards for natural cosmetics.

Its action is primarily based on restoring and strengthening the skin’s lipid barrier, which prevents transepidermal water loss (TEWL). It moisturises and hydrates deep within the skin’s layers, softens the surface and protects against dryness. As an antioxidant, it neutralises free radicals, helps reactivate skin cells and stimulates the production of type I collagen, hyaluronic acid and fibronectin. The recommended concentration in cosmetics is 1-5 % for optimal results without irritation.

Ideal for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and stressed skin, including acne-prone and mature skin. I recommend it for people with a compromised skin barrier, such as those with eczema, itching or flaking, with 15-20 % of the population affected by dry skin. In winter, when TEWL on the face increases by 30 %, it is invaluable for preventing dehydration and cracking. It is also suitable for oily skin lacking lipids, helping to balance its texture without clogging pores.

A study published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2002) showed that applying linoleic acid at a concentration of 2 % reduced TEWL by 20 % after just 7 days in patients with atopic dermatitis and restored ceramide levels in the stratum corneum. Further research in the British Journal of Dermatology (2010) reports that topical application of essential fatty acids increased the synthesis of ceramides NP and EOS by 30-50 %, significantly improving the barrier function of dry skin.

Vitamin F Forte meets Ecocert and COSMOS certification standards, guaranteeing at least 95 % natural ingredients and sustainable sourcing. Its benefits include barrier repair, hydration and the prevention of skin ageing, making it an ideal skin-conditioning ingredient for daily care.

This plant-based emulsifier helps create smooth emulsions from oils and water. In cosmetics and in this ingredient, the word alcohol refers to something different from the alcohol found in drinks, so the two should not be confused. It is a fatty alcohol derived from plant fats and oils; ours comes from coconut oil. Fatty alcohols play a very similar role to fatty acids, particularly omega-3 fatty acids. It has excellent moisturising, softening and hydrating properties. It forms a protective film on the skin that prevents water loss and keeps the skin from drying out too quickly. This fatty alcohol is obtained from coconut oil through natural extraction, making it ideal for natural cosmetics. It is a white, waxy solid fat with a mild scent that melts at around 49 degrees Celsius, making it easy to work with in formulations. Thanks to its stability and compatibility with various emulsifiers, it improves the texture of creams, gels and lotions, contributing to a luxurious feel on the skin. Its plant origin ensures high purity without impurities from petrochemical sources, which is valued by manufacturers of organic cosmetics.

Cetyl alcohol works primarily by moisturising and restoring the skin barrier. As an emulsifier, it stabilises emulsions, preventing the oil and water phases from separating, while also forming an occlusive protective film on the skin's surface that minimises transepidermal water loss (TEWL). This film protects against dryness caused by external factors such as wind and cold. It also has softening effects that improve skin elasticity, and mild antioxidant properties thanks to its similarity to omega-3 fatty acids, which support hydration and anti-inflammatory processes. In cosmetic formulations, it is used at concentrations of 1-5 %, where it significantly increases the viscosity and creaminess of products without leaving a greasy feel.

We recommend cetyl alcohol for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it helps combat moisture loss and supports barrier repair. It is also suitable for oily skin at low concentrations, as it does not clog pores and improves texture without adding shine. It is ideal for atopic or eczema-prone skin, where it soothes irritation and protects against dryness. In haircare, it is valued for restoring smoothness to dry, brittle hair.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2004) showed that cetyl alcohol at concentrations of 2-4 % reduced transepidermal water loss by 25 % after 4 weeks of application to dry skin, significantly improving hydration and elasticity. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2012) confirmed that, in combination with emulsifiers, it increases emulsion stability and supports lipid barrier repair by 30 % in people with impaired skin function.

Ectoin® natural comes from a natural source – it is a bioactive molecule isolated from extremophilic microorganisms that occur naturally in hypersaline environments. This ingredient is the result of an evolutionary adaptation that allows organisms to protect their cells against extreme conditions. Ectoin belongs to a group of substances known as extremolytes – natural osmoprotectants that enable cells to survive in harsh environments. Its natural origin and complex mechanism of action place it among the most advanced bioactive ingredients in natural cosmetics.

This ingredient works in several ways to restore and strengthen the skin barrier. Ectoin acts as a powerful water-binding agent, retaining water deep within the skin and increasing hydration by up to 200 percent compared with untreated skin. It also acts as an antioxidant, neutralising free radicals and protecting cells from damage caused by UV radiation, blue light and environmental pollution. Its anti-inflammatory action reduces inflammation and supports the repair of a damaged skin barrier, helping to soothe irritation and sensitivity.

Ectoin® natural is ideally suited to sensitive, dehydrated, stressed and mature skin. It is recommended for people with dry, irritated areas, as well as those whose skin is affected by inflammatory conditions. It also brings relief to skin exposed to intense sunlight or environmental stress. Its gentle nature means it can also be used on oily and acne-prone skin without the risk of further irritation.

Clinical studies confirm its significant effects: during a 12-day trial, skin hydration increased by up to 200 percent, and this level of hydration was maintained for a further 7 days after application stopped. After 10 days of regular use, the increased hydration level remained almost constant until day 19 of the study, highlighting its long-lasting moisturising effect.

Oat silk has a remarkable ability to make skin glow. It absorbs excess sebum from the skin. It contains a wealth of antioxidants and beta-glucan, which help support skin cell renewal and the skin’s own collagen production. Avenanthramides – powerful natural antioxidants found exclusively in oat grains – can soothe hypersensitive skin and reduce redness. This ingredient comes from oat kernels (Avena sativa), which are finely milled into flour and processed into a silky powder. It is a natural plant extract, certified for use in organic cosmetics and free from synthetic additives, ensuring purity and sustainability.

Dulcia natural uses high-quality oat silk that meets the strictest Ecocert and COSMOS. The world’s most prestigious certifications for natural and organic cosmetics.

Oat silk works by moisturising the skin through beta-glucan, which binds water and restores the skin barrier. Its avenanthramides provide powerful antioxidant protection against free radicals, soothe irritation and gently exfoliate by removing excess sebum without drying out the skin. The recommended concentration in formulations is 1-5 % for optimal results.

We particularly recommend it for dry, sensitive, oily and acne-prone skin, as well as dehydrated or mature skin. It absorbs sebum without disrupting the skin barrier, soothes redness in sensitive skin and supports hydration in dry or mature skin. Suitable for all skin types that need gentle cleansing and protection.

A study published in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology (2015) showed that oat avenanthramides at a concentration of 0,03 % reduced itching by 50 % in patients with atopic dermatitis after 4 days of application. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2007) showed that oat beta-glucan increases skin hydration by 20 % and supports ceramide production in the skin barrier after 3 weeks of use.

1. ECOCERT Natural
2. Fragrance Free
3. Eco Friendly
4. Paraben Free
5. Alcohol Free
6. Not Tested on Animals
7. Biodegradable
8. GMO Free
9. China INCI Compliance
10. Free from Allergens

100 % natural vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant containing a blend of alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols. Vitamin E helps protect the skin from UV damage and improves skin texture and moisture levels. Our natural vitamin E contains no chemicals or solvents. Vitamin E supports the skin’s defences and fights the signs of skin ageing – it can improve texture, smooth the skin, increase elasticity, reduce wrinkles and help prevent age spots. It is derived from plant oils such as wheat germ, sunflower and hazelnut oils, in which it naturally occurs at high concentrations, for example 149 mg per 100 g in wheat germ oil. It is a purely natural organic extract with no synthetic additives, retaining its full biological activity.

It renews cells, boosts circulation in the skin and helps retain water in the upper layers of the skin. This vitamin has a very beneficial effect on overall skin vitality, helps with various forms of inflammation and damage, and contributes to scar healing. Vitamin E is the best natural antioxidant. It neutralises free radicals in the skin, slowing the ageing process and reducing fine lines. This vitamin is particularly suitable for use during summer, as it protects the skin from the effects of UV radiation. It works by neutralising free radicals, restoring the skin barrier, providing deep hydration by binding moisture in the stratum corneum and strengthening the protective barrier, offering antioxidant protection against UV and pollution, and soothing inflammation through its anti-inflammatory action. At concentrations of 0,5-5 % in cosmetics, it significantly improves hydration and elasticity.

It is recommended for dry, sensitive, mature and dehydrated skin, as well as skin exposed to environmental stress, sunlight or ageing. It is ideal for those seeking natural protection against wrinkles, pigmentation spots and loss of elasticity, including those with acne-prone skin and scarring, thanks to its healing properties.

A study by Gensler et al. showed that applying d-alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate to the skin reduces lipid peroxide formation and oxidative stress, protecting skin cells from damage and providing photoprotective effects. Further research confirms that vitamin E combined with vitamin C increases protection against UVA radiation and supports collagen production. These findings highlight its effectiveness at concentrations commonly used in cosmetics.

This naturally derived polysaccharide is produced by fermenting sugars with a filamentous fungus. Once fermentation is complete, the resulting substance is separated, purified and dried into a fine powder. In cosmetics, it offers a plant-based alternative to certain synthetic thickeners and is valued for its smooth, soft texture without a noticeably sticky feel.

In a formula, it acts primarily as a thickener, stabiliser and suspending agent. When hydrated in water, it forms a three-dimensional network that increases the viscosity of a gel or emulsion. It helps keep oil droplets, pigments and fine powder particles evenly dispersed and reduces settling. It improves spreadability and can leave a delicate film on the skin, helping it feel comfortable and indirectly helping to slow water evaporation. However, it is not a hydrating or anti-inflammatory active ingredient in its own right. In cosmetic formulations, it is commonly used at concentrations of approximately 0,1 to 2 per cent, depending on the desired consistency.

It is suitable for gels, serums, creams, emulsions, sunscreens and gentle cleansing products. It works well in products for dry, dehydrated, sensitive and mature skin, where it helps create a soft, protective texture. It can also be used for oily or acne-prone skin, as it allows lightweight gel formulations to be made without large amounts of oil. However, suitability for any particular skin type always depends on the product's full formulation.

A study of scleroglucan hydrogels prepared at a concentration of 2 per cent showed that the systems had firm, elastic properties. Two networks tested achieved elastic moduli of 113 and 161 Pa, with smaller pores measuring 7 micrometres associated with greater gel strength. At a concentration of 2 grams per litre, the emulsifying capacity with a model oil reached 56 to 60 per cent (International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2007). The results primarily confirm its ability to form a stable gel structure, keep particles in suspension and support emulsion stability.

During manufacture, it hydrates best directly in the water phase with consistent stirring. The powder should be added gradually to avoid lumps. The final viscosity depends on the concentration, pH, electrolyte content, other polymers and the mixing method. Stability must therefore be checked in the complete formulation before use in production.

Xanthan gum is a fine powder obtained by fermenting sugar. This 100 % natural stabiliser and emulsifier is used in food and cosmetics. It acts as a thickener, emulsion stabiliser and humectant that binds water and retains it in the skin for a long time. It is obtained by fermenting glucose and sucrose. Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide produced by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris derived from maize. No genetically modified raw materials are used in its production. This biopolymer is formed through a fermentation process in which Xanthomonas campestris bacteria convert simple sugars from maize, soya or wheat into a complex polysaccharide. The process involves inoculating the culture, fermenting it under controlled temperature and pH conditions, then purifying, spray-drying and milling it into a fine powder. Discovered in the 1950s and patented in 1963 by the USDA, it offers a renewable alternative to traditional thickeners. It is not synthetic but produced biotechnologically from natural sources, making it suitable for organic cosmetics and GMO-free food.

Its mechanism of action involves a high water-binding capacity, which moisturises the skin and improves hydration. It stabilises emulsions by preventing the oil and water phases from separating, helping to restore the skin’s barrier function through improved product consistency. It provides a smooth, silky feel on the skin, making application gentle and reducing friction. At low concentrations, typically 0,1-1 %, it achieves high viscosity, stabilises suspensions and foams, and withstands changes in pH (3-12), temperature and salt levels. It is used to create transparent gels, control the flow properties of water-based formulations and provide flexibility.

It is recommended for all skin types, especially dry, dehydrated, sensitive and normal skin, where it improves hydration and comfort. It is suitable for oily and acne-prone skin in cleansing gels and shampoos thanks to its stability at an acidic pH (4,5-5,5). In creams and serums for mature skin, it supports the skin barrier. It does not weigh the skin down, is non-irritating and is ideal for vegan, gluten-free cosmetics.

A study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) showed that xanthan gum at a concentration of 0,5 % in moisturising formulations increased moisture retention in the skin by 25 % after 24 hours compared with a placebo (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2015). Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2018) reports that, at 0,3 % in emulsions, it stabilised the barrier function of dry skin 18 % more effectively, as measured by transepidermal water loss (TEWL).

Citric acid is an organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits, for example. In cosmetic products, it is listed under the INCI name Citric Acid. Although consumers often associate it primarily with fruit acids and exfoliation, its main role in many formulations is technical – it is used to precisely adjust and stabilise pH.

The right pH is important for product stability, the effectiveness of the preservative system, the solubility of active ingredients and how well the skin tolerates the product. A formula may contain only a very small amount of citric acid to lower the pH to the desired level. In this case, it cannot automatically be considered an exfoliating active ingredient.

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessment states that citric acid is used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, a chelating agent and, in some cases, a fragrance ingredient. After reviewing the available data, the panel concluded that citric acid and the citrates assessed are safe under current conditions of use and at current concentrations in cosmetics.

At higher concentrations and an appropriately adjusted acidic pH, citric acid can act as an alpha-hydroxy acid. It helps loosen the bonds between dead cells on the skin's surface, which may promote a smoother, brighter and more even appearance. However, its effect always depends on the concentration, final pH, product type, contact time with the skin and the formulation as a whole.

In a clinical study, a body lotion containing 20 % citric acid was applied to sun-damaged skin for three months. Biopsies showed an increase in the thickness of the viable epidermis and in the skin's glycosaminoglycan content. However, this was a highly concentrated experimental formulation, so these findings cannot be applied to products in which citric acid is used only to adjust pH.

At exfoliating concentrations, citric acid may cause stinging, redness or irritation, particularly on sensitive or compromised skin. Products with an exfoliating effect should therefore be introduced gradually and used alongside broad-spectrum SPF protection during the day.

Lactic acid is a plant-derived acid produced by fermentation. This natural process involves the microbial fermentation of sugars from maize, sugar cane or beet, making it a renewable and environmentally friendly raw material. It can also be obtained from milk through bacterial fermentation, but plant sources are preferred in modern cosmetics for vegan and certified organic products. It occurs naturally in certain fruits and fermented foods, confirming its biological origin. Synthetic variants are less common, as the fermentation method ensures high purity and biological compatibility with the skin. In organic cosmetics, it is used as an extract from natural sources, supporting sustainable production.

It is an AHA (alpha hydroxy acid) that smooths and rejuvenates the skin, supports cell renewal and improves skin elasticity. It works through exfoliation: it penetrates the upper layers of the epidermis, where it loosens dead skin cells by breaking down the bonds between them, accelerating natural regeneration. It hydrates the skin by increasing the synthesis of ceramides and hyaluronic acid in the skin, restores the lipid barrier and acts as an antioxidant against free radicals. It soothes irritation and reduces inflammation. The recommended concentration is 5-10 % for at-home skincare, with higher concentrations (up to 20 %) used in professional peels under supervision. It is a gentler alternative to glycolic acid in cosmetics. It also acts as a chemical exfoliant (like other AHAs – malic, citric and tartaric acids).

It is particularly suitable for ageing and mature skin. It is recommended for dry, dehydrated, sensitive, oily and acne-prone skin. For dry and mature skin, it boosts hydration and stimulates collagen production; for sensitive skin, it soothes without irritation; and for oily and acne-prone skin, it regulates sebum and clears pores. Avoid use on open wounds or on extremely sensitive skin without a patch test. BENEFITS: exfoliates the skin's surface – speeds up skin cell renewal by removing dead skin cells (even more gently than physical exfoliation), improves overall skin texture, reduces pore size and leaves the complexion looking even and radiant, removes excess sebum, increases skin hydration, helps slow the natural ageing process by stimulating collagen production, helps fade pigmentation marks and improves the condition of sun-damaged skin.

Clinical studies confirm its effectiveness: lactic acid at a concentration of 12 %, used 3x a week for 12 weeks, improved skin hydration by 81 % and reduced fine lines in women with photoaged skin (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2008). Another study showed that a 5 % lactic acid solution increased ceramide synthesis in the stratum corneum by 77 % after 7 days of application, restoring the skin barrier (British Journal of Dermatology, 1996). These results highlight its gentle yet effective impact on skin structure.

Lavender is an aromatic medicinal plant. This beautiful, lush shrub grows mainly on the sunny slopes of the Mediterranean, where it was valued by the ancient Egyptians for embalming and in perfumes. Its wonderful scent never tires and always surprises with its boundless energy, revitalising a tired body and soothing muscular and nervous tension. Lavender supports the skin's natural defences, soothes skin after sun exposure and has a beneficial effect on burns. Lavender oil has anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties and is used to treat eczema and fungal infections. It supports the healing of damaged skin and is an excellent insect repellent. Obtained by distilling the flowers of narrow-leaved lavender, it is 100% natural and environmentally friendly. It contains phytosterols, flavonoids, tannins, coumarin, linalyl acetate and linalool, which contribute to its rejuvenating and astringent properties.

Lavender oil soothes irritated skin, has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, regenerates skin and speeds up wound healing. It moisturises dry and dehydrated skin, helping it retain moisture and restore its protective barrier. It has powerful antioxidant properties thanks to flavonoids, which protect against free radicals. The antibacterial properties of linalool and linalyl acetate help regulate sebum production and reduce inflammation. In cosmetics, it is used at concentrations of 0,5-2% in creams, toners and shampoos for all skin types.

Recommended for dry, sensitive, oily, acne-prone, dehydrated and mature skin. It soothes sensitive and eczema-prone skin, reducing redness and irritation. For oily and acne-prone skin, it regulates sebum and fights bacteria. For mature skin, it slows ageing and supports elasticity. It is also suitable for skin affected by psoriasis, dermatitis or burns, where it speeds up regeneration.

A study demonstrated that lavender oil from Lavandula angustifolia and linalyl acetate have a strong inhibitory effect on inflammation in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis (Journal of Ethnopharmacology, research data cited in analyses). Further research showed that application at a concentration of 1-3% reduces inflammatory markers by 40% in patients with eczema after 4 weeks (Phytotherapy Research, 2018).

It helps relax stiff muscles after sport or physical exertion. Lavender drives away “impure thoughts” and strengthens the ego. A hint of lavender can lift your mood, as the sense of smell can significantly influence brain function. It eases nervous tension and is excellent for insomnia and headaches.

Rosewood oil – a sweet, rose-like floral scent with a slightly woody note. It promotes the circulation of energy and blood, supports skin regeneration (minor injuries, scars, dermatitis, acne), strengthens immunity and has uplifting effects. It balances skin function and supports regeneration. This essential oil is obtained by steam distillation of the wood of the Aniba rosaeodora tree, native to the Amazon rainforests of South America, particularly Brazil, Peru and Guyana. In the past, the wood was also used to make furniture because of its pleasant scent, but the species is now protected due to its endangered status, and the oil is produced sustainably from renewable sources. It is not synthetic, and certified organic extracts from organic farming are available.

Rosewood oil works primarily through its soothing and regenerating properties. It moisturises the skin by supporting the formation of a protective lipid barrier, helps restore irritated skin and acts as a powerful antioxidant thanks to its linalool and geraniol content, which neutralise free radicals. It has a mild exfoliating effect by stimulating cell renewal, reduces inflammation and supports healing. In aromatherapy, it lifts the mood and improves circulation. The recommended concentration in cosmetics is 0,5-2 % in creams or serums, with higher concentrations of up to 5 % in massage oils, always diluted in a carrier oil due to the risk of sensitivity.

We particularly recommend it for dry, sensitive, dehydrated and mature skin, where it helps restore elasticity and hydration. It is also suitable for acne-prone and oily skin with scars or dermatitis, as it regulates sebum production and reduces inflammation without clogging pores. Ideal for skin following minor injuries or sun exposure. It should not be used by pregnant women or children under 6 years of age due to potential sensitivity. In aromatherapy, it benefits people experiencing low energy or stress.

A study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2009) showed that linalool, the main component of rosewood oil, at a concentration of 1 %, inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by 68 % and reduces inflammatory markers in skin with dermatitis after 48 hours of exposure. Further research in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2015) reports that applying a 2 % solution improved skin cell regeneration by 45 % in patients with scars after 4 weeks, as measured by dermoscopy.

Ylang-ylang oil is obtained by steam distillation of the flowers of Cananga Odorata, an evergreen tropical tree native to southern Asia, particularly the Philippines. The name comes from the Filipino word alang-ylang, which literally refers to flowers that "hang" or "flutter in the wind". It is a natural essential oil with a pale yellow, oily appearance, containing a range of valuable compounds from the plant material.

Function

Ylang-ylang oil works in several ways. Primarily, it moisturises the skin and supports hydration, helping to maintain natural moisture levels in the skin's outermost layer. It also regulates sebaceous gland activity, balancing sebum production. It has a balancing action: it reduces sebum production in oily skin while providing the hydration it needs. The oil also has antiseptic properties and soothes skin irritation. It contains antioxidants that protect the skin against free radicals and ageing.

Recommendations

Ylang-ylang oil is versatile and suitable for all skin types. It is particularly recommended for oily and combination skin, where its regulating properties help balance sebum production. Its soothing and hydrating effects also make it useful in caring for sensitive and dehydrated skin. Mature skin benefits from its antioxidant properties, which help prevent visible signs of ageing. Thanks to its gentle, balancing action, it can be an ideal step in the skincare routine of those looking for a natural way to balance their skin.